What should not be done until the umbilical cord has fully healed?

The correct choice focuses on the importance of keeping the umbilical cord stump dry and free from potential irritants until it has fully healed. Tub baths can submerge the cord stump in water, which increases the risk of infection or irritation. Until the umbilical cord has dried and fallen off, usually within the first few weeks of life, it is essential to avoid practices that involve keeping the stump wet.

In contrast, applying a topical antiseptic is generally not recommended routinely for care of the umbilical stump because it can irritate the skin. Changing the diaper frequently is encouraged to maintain cleanliness and prevent contact with urine or feces, which could lead to infection. Finally, clamps are usually removed after the stump has dried and fallen off; until then, they are left in place to prevent bleeding. Understanding these care protocols is key to ensuring the health and safety of the newborn in the early days after birth.