What is the primary treatment for gestational diabetes?

The primary treatment for gestational diabetes focuses on controlling blood glucose levels to ensure the health of both the mother and the baby. Insulin injection or oral hypoglycemic agents are the mainstays for this management approach. When dietary modifications and increased physical activity alone do not adequately regulate blood sugar levels, healthcare providers typically resort to using insulin or medications designed to lower blood glucose.

Insulin is often preferred because it does not cross the placenta and is safe for the developing fetus, whereas oral hypoglycemic agents may be used in certain cases where they are indicated and considered safe. This treatment strategy effectively lowers maternal blood glucose levels, reducing the risk of complications such as macrosomia, preeclampsia, and the need for cesarean delivery.

Other choices like oral contraceptives, increased physical activity, and intravenous fluids are not primary treatments for gestational diabetes. Oral contraceptives do not play a role in managing blood sugar during pregnancy, while physical activity and diet are important for overall management but are typically not sufficient alone for effective glycemic control. Intravenous fluids may be used in specific clinical scenarios but are not a standard treatment for gestational diabetes.